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SoftwareRuntime

llm-d

llm-d is a runtime maintained by Cloud Native Computing Foundation (Linux Foundation), Sandbox project8910, Red Hat (launched the project; MAINTAINERS.md lists Red Hat staff in project leadership and as community managers)123, Google (MAINTAINERS.md lists Google staff in project leadership)3, and IBM (IBM Research is a founding contributor; MAINTAINERS.md lists IBM staff in project leadership and as a community manager)123, released May 20, 2025. Its source code is public12 under the Apache License 2.04.

llm-d is an open-source distributed inference serving stack for running large language models on Kubernetes. It sits above model servers such as vLLM and adds request routing that is aware of prefix caches and load, KV-cache offloading, prefill/decode disaggregation, expert parallelism for large models, autoscaling, and batch processing. Red Hat launched it in May 2025, and it became a Cloud Native Computing Foundation Sandbox project in March 2026.18129Fact reviewed Oct 1, 2026

Last reviewedEntry updated Documented release May 20, 2025

Availability and license

Overall availability

Public

Source code, container images, and Helm-based guides are public. Deploying a model requires a Kubernetes cluster with accelerators, and the quickstart uses a Hugging Face token stored as a Kubernetes secret.125

Availability fact review: Oct 1, 2026

Availability is separate from permission: read the license before using or redistributing.

The Apache 2.0 license covers the llm-d repository. Model servers such as vLLM and the models served have their own licenses.41Fact reviewed Oct 1, 2026

Component reuse rights

A readable or downloadable component is not automatically reusable. These indicators concern recorded license evidence, not system certification.
weights
Unknown — no complete fact-level rights review
code
Reviewed qualifying license recorded — check scope and conditions
data
Unknown — no complete fact-level rights review
documentation
Unknown — no complete fact-level rights review

No complete system-rights review is recorded for this release.

Public materials checklist

Items for a runtime under USASI rubric v0.2. Unknown means unassessed or insufficient evidence.
Public materials checklist for llm-d
ItemStatusNotes and evidence
Source codeIs the source code publicly readable?PublicCode is in the llm-d GitHub organization, with experimental components in a separate llm-d-incubation organization.12
DocumentationIs user documentation published?PublicDocumentation and deployment guides are published at llm-d.ai and in the repository.15
InstallationAre installation instructions or packages publicly available?PublicThe quickstart installs the router with Helm and the model server with Kustomize. It needs kubectl, Helm, a Hugging Face token, and the Gateway API Inference Extension CRDs.5
Supported platformsAre supported operating systems or hardware documented?PublicThe accelerator guide names NVIDIA GPUs as the default and also covers AMD ROCm GPUs, Intel XPU, Google Cloud TPUs on GKE, x86_64 CPUs, and several other vendors' accelerators, each with named maintainers. Current images are built on the CUDA 12.9.1 runtime.6
Release statusAre versioned releases published?PublicVersioned releases are published on GitHub. The latest at review was v0.10.0, published September 29, 2026; the project has not yet reached version 1.0.7

What it is useful for

Serving open models at scale on Kubernetes clusters, using tested deployment guides ("well-lit paths") with Helm charts for common serving patterns across several accelerator types.16Fact reviewed Oct 1, 2026

Run and use notes

Documented facts only. No hardware or performance claims are made without a cited source and stated assumptions.
  • PROJECT.md describes the project as building on vLLM and the Kubernetes Gateway API Inference Extension, with code changes made upstream there rather than in forks.2

Organization context

In the news

Dated, sourced updates in this catalog's news that mention this entry.
  1. · Release

    llm-d 0.10.0 focuses on operational hardening and deprecates its own CUDA and AWS images

    The llm-d project published version 0.10.0 on GitHub on September 29, 2026. The release notes name operational hardening and production readiness as the main themes and describe a new image build arrangement: images from main and official releases go to ghcr.io and are signed publicly with cosign, while images built from open pull requests go to quay.io and are not signed. The notes deprecate the ghcr.io/llm-d/llm-d-cuda image in favor of docker.io/vllm/vllm-openai and the llm-d-aws image in favor of an AWS vLLM container, and say the llmd-fs-connector has been integrated into vLLM as the OffloadingConnector. The llm-d-workload-variant-autoscaler repository has been renamed llm-d-autoscaling. USASI has not tested this release.

  2. · Release

    Red Hat AI 3.5 becomes generally available with EvalHub and wider llm-d support

    Red Hat announced on September 9, 2026 that Red Hat AI 3.5 is generally available, including as part of Red Hat AI Factory with NVIDIA. The release makes EvalHub generally available for safety benchmarking and compliance reporting before deployment, shows Garak results on evaluated catalog models, integrates NeMo Guardrails to intercept malicious tool calls, and adds AutoRAG and observability features such as per-user token metering and MLflow agentic tracing. Red Hat says llm-d distributed inference now extends beyond OpenShift to third-party Kubernetes services, generally available on CoreWeave CKS and Microsoft Azure, with Amazon EKS in technology preview. USASI has not tested Red Hat AI 3.5.

U.S. eligibility

Project eligibility rests on documented governing or maintaining entities, not on contributors.

Eligible · basis: U.S.-governed project

llm-d is a Cloud Native Computing Foundation Sandbox project, accepted on March 12, 2026. The CNCF says it is part of the nonprofit Linux Foundation, whose privacy policy gives a legal postal address in San Francisco, California. Before joining the CNCF, the project was launched by Red Hat, which has its corporate headquarters in Raleigh, North Carolina. Its MAINTAINERS.md lists project leadership employed by Google, IBM, and Red Hat. Day-to-day decisions follow the process in PROJECT.md: lazy consensus, with project maintainers approving process changes. This multi-company project is assessed through its U.S.-based foundation host, not through contributors' nationalities.81011121332

Assessed Oct 1, 2026

Sources

  1. 1.
    llm-d/llm-d README (external site: github.com)

    llm-d project · Repository · accessed Oct 1, 2026 · evidence reviewed Oct 1, 2026

  2. 2.
    llm-d PROJECT.md (project overview and governance) (external site: github.com)

    llm-d project · Repository · accessed Oct 1, 2026 · evidence reviewed Oct 1, 2026

  3. 3.
    llm-d MAINTAINERS.md (external site: github.com)

    llm-d project · Repository · accessed Oct 1, 2026 · evidence reviewed Oct 1, 2026

  4. 4.
    llm-d/llm-d LICENSE (Apache License 2.0) (external site: raw.githubusercontent.com)

    llm-d project · License · accessed Oct 1, 2026 · evidence reviewed Oct 1, 2026

  5. 5.
    llm-d quickstart (external site: llm-d.ai)

    llm-d project · Documentation · accessed Oct 1, 2026 · evidence reviewed Oct 1, 2026

  6. 6.
    llm-d accelerators (docs/getting-started/accelerators.md) (external site: github.com)

    llm-d project · Documentation · accessed Oct 1, 2026 · evidence reviewed Oct 1, 2026

  7. 7.
    llm-d release v0.10.0 (external site: github.com)

    llm-d project · Release notes · published Sep 29, 2026 · accessed Oct 1, 2026 · evidence reviewed Oct 1, 2026

  8. 8.
    llm-d | CNCF project page (external site: cncf.io)

    Cloud Native Computing Foundation · Official page · accessed Oct 1, 2026 · evidence reviewed Oct 1, 2026

  9. 9.
    Welcome llm-d to the CNCF (external site: cncf.io)

    Cloud Native Computing Foundation · Announcement · published Mar 24, 2026 · accessed Oct 1, 2026 · evidence reviewed Oct 1, 2026

  10. 10.
    Who we are | CNCF (external site: cncf.io)

    Cloud Native Computing Foundation · Official page · accessed Oct 1, 2026 · evidence reviewed Oct 1, 2026

  11. 11.
    Linux Foundation Privacy Policy (external site: linuxfoundation.org)

    The Linux Foundation · Official page · accessed Oct 1, 2026 · evidence reviewed Oct 1, 2026

  12. 12.
    Red Hat Launches the llm-d Community, Powering Distributed Gen AI Inference at Scale (external site: redhat.com)

    Red Hat · Announcement · published May 20, 2025 · accessed Oct 1, 2026 · evidence reviewed Oct 1, 2026

  13. 13.
    Red Hat office locations (external site: redhat.com)

    Red Hat · Official page · accessed Oct 1, 2026 · evidence reviewed Oct 1, 2026

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APA style

USASI. (2026, October 1). llm-d. United States of America Superintelligence. https://unitedstatesofamericasuperintelligence.com/open/llm-d/

BibTeX

@misc{usasi_llm_d,
  author = {{USASI}},
  title = {llm-d},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  howpublished = {\url{https://unitedstatesofamericasuperintelligence.com/open/llm-d/}},
  note = {United States of America Superintelligence. Last updated 2026-10-01}
}

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